Type-writing machine.



Patented June 16, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

B. C. STICKNBY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

4I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1916. 1,100,451 Y` witnesses B. G. STIOKNEY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. s, 1910.

Patented June 16, 1914.

l J1/wanton @Wh/Leones Patented June 16, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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n sTATEs PATENT BURNH.. will C. STICKNEY, 0F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGN'OR TG 'NDERNOOD TYPEWRTER CGMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Original application led J une 30, 1903,

To all whom it may concern: l

Be it known that I, BURNHAM C. STICK- Nnr, a citizen of the United States, residing` in Elizabeth, in the county of Union and yState of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in TypelVriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriting machines, and particularly to so-called visible writing machines, in which the line of ivriting,` is always in view, and more especially to those of the front strike class; and one of its principal objects is to make a more satisfactory disposition of both the m a rein governing .s or regulating mech anism and the ribbon mechanism than has heretofore been made in; this sort of machines. Usually 'the margin'mechanism is placed at the extreme front-ofthe machine, where it is in the way and necessitates the use of a cumbersome paper-carriage, or in the eX- treme rear of the machine Where it is inaccesible. By my invention, the margingage rack is placed beneatlrthe paper carriage, Where it is out of the Way, permitting the use of a compact carriage, which is a desideratun'i; while provision is made for rendering the rack and the tappets thereon accessible when necessary, for adjusting the inargin or carriage-alarm when itis dcsired to set the machine-for writing a line of different length. The ribbon spools are also herein shown as mounted beneath the carriage and brought to an accessible position by the same movement that renders the margin-gage rack accessible; although certain features herein shown relating to the ribbon and the carriage mechanisms are shown in my pending application Serial No. 153,024 filed April. 17, 1903. I

Preferably, and as a matter of further improvement, the means 'for adjust-ing the tension of the carriage-propelling spring are mounted beneath the carriage, for compactness, and brought into position of accessibility simultaneously with the margin-gage rack and ribbon spools.

Certain features of improvement herein forth, particularly the margin mechanism, are also applicable to other make-s of writing machines.

My invention consists in certain combinations of devices, features of construction,

Speccation of Letters Patent.

. governin Patented June 16, 1914.

Serial No. 163,704. Divided and this application led September 3,

1910. Serial No. 580,429.

and arrangements of parts, which will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in. the concluding claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a front strike Wri ti ng machine embodying my improven'ients; one type action being shown in printing position, and the platen beingshown in. full lines in position for writinn lower-case letters, and in dotted lines at upper-case position. Fig. 2 is a detail rear elevationof the bell-ringing and line-locking mechanism. Fig. 3 is a sectional front view ofthe machine. Fig. l is a plan of an adjustable stop for regulatingthe margin at the left-hand side of the paper. Fig. 5 is an end elevation and Fig. 6 a plan of a three-part adjustable tappet used yin sounding an alarm and in successively locking the keys. Fig, 7 is a front view of the machine, showing the carriage tilted up to expose the underside thereof and `given access to the .adjustable margintappets, the ribbon spools, and the carriagie-spring` tension adjusting devices.

Throughout the views .like parts are identilied by like signs.

The framework of the machine comprises side walls and rear walls forming base l, and a depressed top plat-e 3. Forwardly tendiner type bars flare pivoted at their rear ends upon a curved fulcrum-rod mounted in a segn'ient (i, and strike rearvv'ardly against a platen 7. The. segment is radially slotted at 8 to receive the type-bar hubs, Each type-bar is provided with a lower-case type i) and an upper-case.type l0, the latter being umiermost when the type bar is in pufiliting,` position, altl'iough this relntion'may be reversed within the scope of certain features of my improvements, and the tjy'pe-bars may be otherwise mounted. The type-bars may be operated by any' suitable means, as for instance pull-links ll, extending rearwardly and downwardly from the type bars, pendent levers 12 connected lait-Ween their ends at 13 to said links, a. horizontal rod la whcreon said levers are fulerumed at their upper ends, horizontal links l5 connected at 16 to the lower ends of said leversand eX- tending.' forwardly, and key-bearing belleranks fulcrumcd upon a transvfirse rod '17 and having pendent arms icl connected at l) llevers l2 being' of to said links 15, and forwardly-extending arms 2O bearing the keys 2l. Returning springs as 22 may be provided for the type actions.' The links ll may fan out from their front to their rear ends, so that the system of levers l2 may have the saine width as the bell-cranks; or, said links 1l may liel in parallel vertical planes, the system of the same width as the type system, and the links l5 may fan ont from their rear to their front ends; or the system of levers l2 may be wider than the type system and narrower than the bell crank system, and both sets of links may fan out.

The platen 7 may be `mounted by means of an axle 25 upon a carriage 26, which may be of any suitable construction, but preferably comprises upper and lower bars 27 and 28, the former provided in its underside with a longitudinal groove 29, and the latter Iin its upper side with aflongitudinal groove 30; these bars being connected at their ends by upright bars 3l and 32 formed integral therewith. An integral plate or bar 33 projects forwardly from said connected bars, and at its ends is formed with upright arms 34 and 35 in which the platen axle 25 is journaled. Embraced by the grooved bars 27 and 28 is a rail 36, set on edge and provided in its top and bottom edges with grooves 37 and 38, which are providgd with bearing balls 39, whereon the carriage runs.

A feeding-in roller 40 may be mounted in rear of the pla-ten upon links 41 rising from ears 42 on the upper carriage-bar 27; and said links may be provided with rearwardly extending lugs 43 for receiving legs 44 of a paper-shelf 45. From the front side of the plate 33 may project forwardly and upwardly extending arms 46, upon whose forward ends is fixed a platen scale 47 provided with an apron 48 upon its rear side contiguous to the platen; the upper edge of said scale being below the printing line upon' the platen, and the scale and arms taken to- 'gether forming a bail which is provided with hinge pintles 49 engaging ears 50 formed upon said plate One or more pressure rollers 5l may be mounted upon an axle 52 mounted at its ends in said arms 4G about midway of their length. Springs 53, Fig. 7 are provided for pressing up said arms and roller, and springs 54 for the rear pressure roller arms. A paperguiding apron 55 may curve from the rear pressure roller beneath the platen to the forward pressure roller.

iper-guiding lingers 56, extending upwardly in front of the platen and platen scale, and terminating in their upper ends at the top side of the platen, may be adjustably mounted at their lower ends upon a horizontal rod 57, mounted in arms 58 pro-A jecting forwardly from the carriage plate attached to collars Said fingers may be 59 fitting upon said rod, and maybe prolonged at 60 beneath the collars to bear up with some force against; the underside of the plate 33, causing the lingers 56 to hug the platen, and preventing accidental displacement thereof along` the rod 57. So far as certain of my present improvements are concerned, however, other carriage mechanism may be adopted. Said grooved rail 3G forms part of a. movable frame, whereby the paper carriage is enabled not only to run in letterfeeding direction, but also to move `in a direction transverse thereto. This frame comprises, in addition to said rail (which may be otherwise formed in some cases) rearwardly extending integral arms (l5, which are, united at their forward ends by said rail, and a bar (56, which unites said arms between their ends and is integral therewith. Said arms are extended rearwardly from said bar 66, forming ears67 and (58, which are hinged by pintles G9 in bosses 70 and 7l which"y project inwardly from the tops of the side walls of the framework l. The carriage together with its supporting frame may be swung or tilted np about said hinge, so as to expose the underside of the carriage, as at Fig. 7. Said supporting frame may, however, be otherwise formed and otherwise movahly supported within the scope of my imjn'ovelncnts.

in rear of the type bars and below the platen and carriage is mounted upon an axis or shaft a pair of ribbon spools 7G andA 77, said shaft being transverse and horizontal and parallel with the hinge G9 of the hinged carriage frame, and said spools being arranged on edge and side by side. lhe shaft 75 is journaled upon and translixes the lower end of a downwardly directed arm or hanger 578 integral with the bar (3G of the carriage frame, and having bosses 79 and SO for suitablysupporting said shaft. It; will be observed that when i'n normal'position the ribbon spools are inaccessible to the operator, but that when the hinged frame is tilted up to the Fig. 7 position, said spools are brought to an accessible position, for convenience in examining or adjusting or attaching the ribbon, or of detaching or replacing the spools, etc. The dejnessed portion of the top plate is preferably cleft, as at 81, to make room for the spools, which in normal position dip be low said depressed portion.

For rotating the spool shaft, I preferably use a single pawl 85, operated at every type stroke, and adapted to engage a single ratchet wheel 8G, said pawl being` provided with ay lifting spring 87 and stop 88, and working upon the underside of the ratchet wheel, so as not to lock the hinged carriage frame from swinging up or down. The spoolsmay be slipped onto and eif from the shaft 75, being retained by thumb-nuts 89 and 90; and collars 01 and 92 may be fixed 4arm is operated;

normally substantially coincident with the.

Liconsa upon the shaft, against which. the thumbnuts may bind the spools; one spool being bound by its nut while the other is left loose, whereby the ribbon may wind back and forth from spool to spool. Other suitable spool-mounting and rotating means may be employed.

From one spool theribbon 93 is led forwardly and upwardly,'as at 94, then across the printing point at the front side of the platen, at 95, and then back down in front oi the platen, as at 96, and thence back tothe other spool. At the front side of the platen are provided ribbon-guiding arms 97 and 98, formed at their upper ends with reversely inclined tips 99, 100, the angle of each tip being about degrees, for properly lconducting the ribbon across the printing point or ield between its ascending and descending portions. Said arms 97 and 98 form part oit a ribbon vibrator, being con- 'iiected at their lower ends by a cross-arm .101, whereby they are supported upon a bent arm 102, which extends baclm'ardly be the carriage rail 3G, and at its rear end is pivoted by means of a trunnion 103 upon the forward end of an arm101 proiforwardly from the frame arm 78 and integral therewith. Byvthis vibrator, the ribbon may be lifted at each type-impression, as will be understood from Fig. 1, 'to cover the printing point, and then depressed vto uncover the same; and since the vibrator is mounted upon the hinged frame, it is carried up with the latter when tilted, thus facilitating the reeving of the ribbon from the spools over the guiding arms 9T and 98. The invention is broad enough to cover the construction of spools and vibrating devices, whether they are mounted upon an independently hinged frame from the hinged carriage frame or not, so as to be .swung up with the latter if desired, or so as not to swing up therewith. Said ribbonvibrator is operatively connected to carriageeeding mechanism also mounted upon the hinged carriage-supporting frame and cooperating with a rack 10G on the carriage; said feeding mechanism comprising upright detent and eedingdogs 107 and 108, the latter normally in engagement with the rack. The rack is mounted upon the rear ends of hinged arms 109l and 110, the latter being prolonged forwardly of its hinge and provided with a deprcssible carriage-release key 111. The dogs are mounted upon one end of a rock-shaft 112, journaled in a. boss 113 formed upon an arm 114 directed upwardly and forwardly from the shifterrame bar G6; and said shaft at its other end is provided with an operating arm 115, which at itsv rear `end is pi'voted at 116 to a pendent link 117, whereby the said pivot 116 being vibrating device, and link axis of the hinge 69 of the carriage-supporte ing frame, ,so that the operation of the escapement mechanism is substantially the same whether the frame is in normal position or shifted up to write capital letters. At its lower end said link is pivoted at 118 to the forward end of a rocker-arm 119, which projects forwardly from a horizontal transverse rock-shaft 120. A universal bar 121 is mounted upon the tops of a pair of arms 122 which rise from said rock-shaft, and lies in rear of the levers 12 of the typeactions, so as to be operated thereby, as at Fig. 1; the described universal-bar frame being provided with a returning spring 123.

The connection between the ribbon-vibrating mechanism and the escapement mechanism consists of a link 121, whose upper end is pivoted to a forward extension 125r of the dog-rocker arm 115, and whose lower end is pivoted to a short arm 126 of the ribbon vibrator. By this means, whenever the dog-rocker is vibrated by the keys, the vibrator is elevated to cause the ribbon to cover the printing point; and upon the return oi' the carriage-feeding mechanism to normal position, said vibrator drops to permit the ribbon to uncover the printing point. 4

lt will be seen that I have combined with the carriage shit't frame (65, 6G, etc.) a lever 115, 125, for vibrating the ribbon guide 97, 9S. Said lever vibrates on said shift frame at 112, and the operating connections for said vibrating lover include the arm 119 and the link 117 which last extends from its pivotal point of connection 11G with said lever 115 to its point 11S of connection with the arm 1.19, said link 117 lying in a direction which is substantially toward or radial of the pivotal axis 59 of said shift frame, whereby the movements of the ribbon-vibrating lever 115, 125 are substantially the same in different positions of said shift. frame (G5, GG, etc.) It will also be seen that the Avibrating ribbon device 125, 115, or the device 101, 102, 120, 1241, 125, 115, is connected at its -iront end to the ribbon guide 97, 9S and pivoted at its rear portion to the shift frame at 112. An operating lever 119 is fulcrumed in rear of said 117 is pivoted to said dev1ce and to said lever, the link being arranged to swing slightly back from the Fig. 1 position at the capital shitting'operation, and hence to swing crosswise ot (or across) a straight line passing through the pivotal axis 60 of said shii't frame and the pivotal connection 11S between the link 117 and' said operating lever 11S).

The carriage may be propelled by a spring-barrel 127, lying horizontally and mounted upon the lower end of a stud 128 depending from the hinged carriage-frame; a strap 120 being attached to the barrel and caught upon a hook 130 upon the carriage bar 28. A ratchet wheel 131 and pallet 132 are provided for adjusting the tension of the spring, the former having a finger-piece 133 and the latter a finger-piece 134, both o f which in normal position project downwardly, the ratchet-wheel and pallet beeng mounted below the spring barrel. When the carriage is tilted up, as at Fig. 7, access is given to the ratchet wheel and pallet, thus facilitating the adjustment of t-he spring. By mounting the spring barrel Vand the carriage-feeding mechanism upon the hinged frame, the latter is permitted to swing freely up and down, Without liability of deranging the 'carriage-controlling devices, which always preserve their proper relation to the carriage.

Atl/e'aeh stroke of the carriage escapement mechanism the ribbon is led by means of the pawl 85, the latter being pivoted at its rear end to the top of a rock-arm 135 fixed upon the universal-bar shaft 120.

Preferably advantage is also taken of the hinging of the carriage-support, to enable the latter to be shifted up and downto enable different types to print. Normally the carriage and platen are in the lowermost position, as in full lines at Fig. 1, thereby enabling the lower-case types 9 to print; while bv elevating the carriage and platen, as indicated by the dotted circle 7, the upper-case types 10 are enabled to'print. The downward movement of the carriage is limited by an adjustable stop 136, threaded forwardly thn .lgh an arm 137 cast upon the rear wall of the machine framing; the ribbon-spool bearing arm 78 of the hinged carriage-supporting framebeing prolonged below the ribbon-spool shaft, as at 138, to bear against said adjustable stop. A shiftlever 13), bearing a key 140, projects forwardly and, upwardly from a transverse horizontal rock-shaft 141, journaled in the side walls of the base; and about midway of its length said shaft is-provided with an upright arm 142, from which extends rearwardly ay link 143, whose rear end has a sliding bearing at 144 in the upper portion of said cast arm 137. Said link is provided with a lug 145, adapted to catch a nib 146 formed upon a hook-shaped stop 147 pivoted at 148 to the lower portion of said ribbon-spool carrying arm 78 in rear of the spool shaft. By depressing the shift key, the shaft 141 and arm 142 thereon are rocked, pulling forwardly the link 143, and by means of the lu'g 145 and nib 146 swinging` the stop down, until said nib is arrested by a stop pin 149. Continued movement of the key, rock-shaft, arm and link then swings the frame arm 78 forwardly and the frame and carriage upwardly about the hinge G9, until the parts are arrested. with the platen in the dotted line position, by the 'cording to the width of contactof the hook-stop 147 with the upper end of said cast arm 137 (which of course may be provided with an adjustable stop, if desired.) After ,the capital type or types are written, the shift key is returned to normal position by a spring 150, while the hinged frame and carriage return by gravity. A spring 151 lifts the hook-stop 147 until it is again clear of the upper end of said cast arm 137, so that it may not contact therewith to interfere with the upward tilting movement of the carriage to the Fig. 7 position, During such tilting movement, the arm 78 and parts thereon are swung forwardly away from their cooperating parts mounted in the machine base; so that at any time the carriage may be given either a limited movement for writing capitals, or a tilting movement to expose the underside thereof. .l

To provide for writing a line of capitals, I pivo-t at 152 upon said arm 137 ,a cam plate 153, whose forward edge, which is eccentric to the pivot, is adapted to 'engage a bearing-pin 154 projecting from the frame arm extension 138, so that by swinging said cam plate upwardly about its pivot, said arm is driven forward and the hinged frame and carriage elevated to the proper point for writing capitals. For operating said cam plate, 1 pivot thereto at 155, below the pivot 152, the rear end of a pull-link 150, which extends to the keyboard and is there pivoted at 157 to the upper end of a rock-arm 158, mounted upon a horizontal transverse rock shaft 15.) mounted between the walls of the framework. At the lefthand side of the keyboard an upright lever 160 is fixed upon said roekshaft, so that a. forward movement of said lever may lift the cam-plate 153 to set the carriage to uppercase position. Forward and rear stops 161 and 162, the former preferably adjustable, may be provided for said lever; and a double-acting spring 1(33, adapted to bear against a pin 161- lixed upon the lever, may hold the lever against either stop.

The margingoverning mechanism, by which term is meant devices which either positively limit the travel 0f the carriage 0r warn the operator that the end of the line is approaching, or both, includes a rack 170, mounted beneath the carriage, being attached by screws 171 to the bottoms of arms 0r ears 172 depending from the carriage plate 33. Said rack is provided with a series of teeth 173, for enabling the tappets or stops to be fixed at different positions, ac-

the left-hand or right-hand margin desired on the page of writing.

The means for limiting the return movement of the carriage, and thereby regulating the left-hand margin on the paper, confprises a box-like slide 174, fitted upon the il ti rack and. seen at the lefthand of Fie. 7, and also at Figs. 1 and 1, and having formed thereon a stop 175, projecting upwardly from the slide, and in position to Contact with the forwardly projecting end of an arbor 176 mounted in the carriage-guiding rail 36 about midway of the length thereof, thereby to arrcstthe carriage. Said slide is provided upon its underside with a pawl 177, having an upwardly projecting tooth 17 8 tor insertion in any of the notches in the rack, so that any desired widthof letthand margin may be secured. Ilhe pawl is provided with a handle 179 and a spring 180 for pressing the tooth 178 into engagement 'with the rack. Ry withdrawing the tooth, the slide and stop may be shdden freely along the rack in either direction. The pawl is pivotcd vertically upon the slide at 13 rlhe rack is provided upon its underside with a series or' graduations 182, and the lett-hand edge of the slide 174 may be adapted to cooperate with said graduations, so that when said edge coincides with any grailuatiou on the'scale, the tirst letter the line ot' writing will fall beneath the eorrcsi'iondiug graduation on the platen scali" it will be observed that normally said slide, as well as other tappets upon said rack, are in an. inuccessible position ben neatli the carriage, while the scale 182 is out olif sight.; but that upon tilting up the carriage, .as at Fig. 7, thc scale is brought into full. view, and ready access is aliorded to the slidn and its pawl, for adjusting the same along the rack. So far as this feature of my improvements is concerned, any suitable rack and other parts of margin-governing mechanism may be adopted, within the scope ot' my inventimi. rlhe novel features pertaining to the margin-governing details herein .shown are, however, preferred .di bei. 'iS-3, in rar ot the rail 3G, is hung by a. ip 'iS/t upon the bar 6G of 'the hinged marriage-supporliug traine; and a dapper "QK is horizontally ,'iivotcd at 13G upon the lue; rear side of said rail. normallyv resting upon stop 19,7, The chipper is lifted by an arm 188, haring a long bent linger 189 underlyn the elupper, and secured by rivets 190 i i ilunital upon. the rear and front he rail., whei'el'iy a long bearing is U en, to avoid binding. `For rotating the arbor to litt the bell-chipper, a tappet 191i mount-od upon a slide 195 mounted upon paper.

arbor 17 6, but said. tappet being in position to engage a pallet .197 projecting upwardly vfrom the tip of the arbor. During the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, vthe tappet engages the pallet and rotates the arbor, lifting its arm and the bell-chipper, until the tappet passes over the pallet, thereby releasing the same, and the bell-clapper being left unsupported, falls and strikes the bell, to notify'the operator that the end of the line is at hand. vided with a pawl 198, having a rack-engaging tooth 199 and a spring 200, whereby it may be adjusted along the rack, to regulate the right hand margin upon the paper.

For locking the type-actions or otherwise rendering the keys ineti'ective to operate the types, I provide, preferably upon the bellcontrolling slide 195, a Vtappet 201, a short distance to the right of tappet 194, which lies close to the upper side of the slide, but projects suiiciently therefrom to engage a pallet 202 provided upon the underside of the arbor 17 6, whereby the'arbor is rocked in the opposite direction to that already dey scribed, therebyprodueing no e`ect upon the bell-Idapper, but Swingin into effective position a tumbler 203, projecting upwardly from the head 191 oi the arbor, and -reiterably integral with the arm 188'. Said Y tul'ubler is thus brought directly beneath an j extension 204C projecting fortvardiy from the yvibrathig arm 125 oit the carriage-feeding land ribbon-.vibrating mechanism, thus preventing operation of said mechanism and g hence of the universal-bar and the type actions. Normally' said tumbler stands at one 3 side of said extension 204e, as seen clearly at Fig. 2,

in which position it is maintained by a spring 205, coiled around a reduced por tion of the arbor between its ends; said spring being of light tension, and overbalanced by the weight ot the bell-clapper, whereby the arbor is returned in one direction by the spring and in 'the other direction yby the weight of the clapper.

Said arbor 176 is slidably journaled in said carriageguiding rail, and its head 191 is engaged by the forked lower end of a roclc arm 206, tired upon a rocloshaft 207 journaled at its end portions in brackets 208 projecting from the rear side ot said rail, and provided at its tips with buttons 209, whereby it may be turned. Ey this means the'arbor may be drawn rearwardly to a sullieient extent to enable it 4to clear the tappets or stops mounted upon the raclr 3.70, thereby enabling a few more letters to be added at the end ot the line, or enabling thev carriage to run farther upon its return stroke, so that the first part of the succeeding line may be written in the'leit-hand margin upon the A spring 210 is provided upon the shaft 207, for returning the shaft, together with the arbonto normal position.

The slide 195 is pro- 1 'tot be recessed, and the edge 212 of the recess.

may serve as an index to coperate with the scale on the margin-gage rack, for setting the slide to ring the bell or lock the line at any desired point.

Each of the tappets, as well as the stop 175, is preferably formed upon its rear side with an oblique face, as 213 and 214, which during the usual carriage movements cam back the arbor against the tension of the spring'QlO, outI o'f the path'of the tappets o1' stops, so that the latter are each etective in only one direction.

It will further be observed that the rod 57, which supports the collars 59, from which extend the paper-guiding fingers 56, is mounted in a relatively inaccessible position below the platen scale and upon the underside of the carriage, so that when the carriage is in normal position, it is difficult t0 reach the collars to slide them along the rod; but that when the carriage is tilted up, said collars are more accessible, and their adjustment is facilitated.

Wide variations may be resorted to within the scope of my invention, and portions of my improvements may be used without others.

This is a division of my application No. 163,704, filed June 30, 1903.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a, front strike Writing machine, the combination with types, of a paper carriage, a hinged frame for supporting s'aid carriage wherby the latter may be tilted to expose its' underside, said frame having a rail grooved upon its edges and said carriage having.

grooved bars en'lbracing said rail, balls in said grooves, ribbon spools mounted on said tiltable frame underneath the platen, and means for leading the ribbon t-o the printing point.

2. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination voi? a series of rearwardly striking type bars, a platen, a carriage having grooved bars, a rail having grooved edges, balls in the grooves, a hinged support for said rail, a pair of ribbon spools mounted upon said hinged support, said rail beingforwardly of the spools and between the saine and the platen, and said spools heilig mounteifl below and in rear ot the platen, and means for leading the ribbon from the spools forwardly beneath said rail and up to the printing point.

3. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking types, a carriage, a. frame whereon said carriage is mounted, said frame comprising a bar extending longitudinally of theI carriage, hinged ears projecting from said bar, arms extending forwardly from said bar, and a carriage-supporting rail carriedv by said arms, an arm extending donunvardly from said longitudinal arm, a shaft upon said arm, a pair of ribbon spools mounted onsaid shaft, and a ribbon vibrator also ymounted upon said frame and having a part extending up in front of the platen.

4. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series of rearwardly striking types, of a paper carriage, a. liftable frame whereon said carriage is mount.- ed, a margin governing mechanism mounted beneath the carriage, ribbon spools also mounted upon said liftable :trame beneath the carriage, and means for leading the ribbon from the spools to the front side of the platen.

5. In a. front strike writing machine, the combination of a series ot rearwardly striking type bars, a platen, a carriage whereon said platen is mounted, a liftable traine whereon said carriage is mounted, mechanism for adjustably limiting the run of the carriage, sounding an alarm, and locking the type bars, ribbon spools mounted upon said liftable frame beneath said carriage, and a lribbon vibrator also mounted upon said liftable frame and extending to the front of the platen.

6. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking types, a paper-carriage, a hinged support whereon said cariage is mounted, margin-governing mechanism beneath the carriage, ribbon spools mounted upon said hinged frame below the carriage, and means for leading the ribbon to the front side of the platt-n.

7. In a frontst'rike writing machine, the

combination with aseries of rearwardly striking type bars, of a platen, a carriage, a frame whereon said carriage runs, a rod mounted at the underslde ot said carriage,

,collars ladjustable along said rod, paperguiding fingers extending from said collars upwardly in front of and l'o the top side of the platen, ribbon spools mounted upon said frame beneath said carriage, means' tor leading the ribbon from the spools to the front side of the platen, means :tor vibrating the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point at each impression, a carriagepropelling spring mounted at the lower side ot' said frame, and tension-adjusting devices inacccssibly mounted below said carriage spring; said frame. being hinged at its rear side so that it may be tilted np to expose the underside of the carriage and frame, to

render said roth-said rack, said spools and 9. rlhe combination with a carriage and .V

a propelling spring mounted beneath the same andhaving a tensioning device, and a pair oi' ribbon spools also mounted beneath lthe carriage, and means to enable said tensioning. device and said spools to be brought together toaccessible position.

10. ln a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, `of a margin gage rack mounted beneath the same, a pair of ribbon spools also mounted beneath the carriage, and a carriagepropelling Spring also mounted. beneath the carriage and having a tensioning device, and means to enable said margin gage rack, said spools and said tensioning device to be brought together to accessible positions.

il. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage shift frame, a ribbon guide, a leveiufor vibrating said guide pivcted on said shift frame1 and operating connections for said vibrating lever including a link which extends from said vibrating lever, said link lying in a direction substa^ tially radially of the pivotal axis or' said shift frame, whereby the movements of said vibrator lever are substantially the same in diii'ereut positions of said shift :ti-ame, sul

stantially as set forth.

12. ln a typewriting machine, the eombination with av platen and a carriage for the platen, of a shift frame which forms the entire support for thecarriagc and is movable to shift the platen to different.

printing positions, a ribbon vibrator lever mounted on the shift frame, and means for vibrating the lever the same distance with the carriage and shift frame in bothn the normal and shifted positions, substantially se, ioith.

ln a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage shift 'frame pivoted at its rear portion, a vibrating ribbon guide supported by the shift traine), a vil'nating dif-,vice connected at its 'front 0nd to the ribbon guide and pivoted at its rear portion to the shift frame, an operating lover 'tub cruined in rear Qi said device, and a link pivotcd to said device and to said lever, the link being arranged to swing across a straight line passing through the pivotal axis ot said shift frame and the pivotal.

connection between the link and said operating lever when said shift frame is shifted, substantially as set forth.

lll. in a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series ot rearwardly striking type bars, a plat-en, a carriage, a carriage rail bclowthe platen, a hinged support for said rail, a pair of adjustable ribbon spools mounted upon said hinged support, said rail being forwardly of the spools :and between the-same and the platen, and said spools being mounted below and in rear of the platen.

l5. in a front strike writing machine, the 'combination with a carriage and a hinged frame Whereon said carriage is mounted; l said frame comprising a bar extending lonitudinally of the carriage, arms extending forwardly from said bar, and a carriagesupporting rail carried by said arms, of an larm extending downwardly from said bar,

i and a pair of ribbon spools mounted on said arm behind said rail',

l i 16. In. a front strike writing machine, the' combination of a platen, a crriage Whereon Vsaid platen is mounted, a frame'whereon `said carriage is mounted, inaccessible mechanism for adjustably limiting'the run. oi' the carriage, sounding an alarm, and lockfing the type bars, adjustable ribbon spools linonnted inaccessibly upon. -said liftable .frame beneath said carriage, and a ribbon 'ivibrator also mounted upon said liitable iframe and extending to the front ofthe platen; said frame being li'ttable to bring said mechanism and said spools simultane- 4' ously to .accessible positions.

17. In a front strike writing machine, the Acombination of a series of rearwardly striking types, a "paper-carriage, a support whereon said carriage is mounted, ribbon spools mounted upon said support below the carriage, and means for leading the ribbon to the iront side of theplaten; said support being hinged to bring said margin mecha-- nism and said spools simultaneously to more accessible positions.

18. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series of rearwardly striking type bars, of a platen, a carriage, a "traine whereon said carriage runs, collars or linger-pieces adjustable along the under-- side ofsaid carriage, paper guiding fingers extending from said collars upwardly in -liront oi the platen, ribbon spools mounted upon said traine beneath said carriage, means tor leading the ribbon from, the spools to the iront side of the platen, means iior if'ibiating the ribbon to cover and uncover the printingpoint at cach impression, a carriage-propelling spring mounted on said traine, and tension-adjustingdevices for said springinaccessibly mounted below said cai'- riage; said frame being hinged at its rear side so that it may be tilted up to expose the lsaid spools to accessible hars and extends to the underside of the carriage' and frame, to move said collars, said rack, said spools .and said tension adjusting devices from inaccessible to accessible positions.

19. A typewriter carriage having a normally inaccessible margin gage member, a movable part being provided to render the member accessible, and operable ribbon spools also mounted inaccessibly beneath the carriage and also connected to said movable part to be brought to accessible position by the same movement of said movable part.

20. In a front strike Writing machine, the combination With a platen and a carriage, of a combined ribbon, margin-gage and cai'- riage supporting frame, having thereon a track for said carriage, and also having thereon manipulable ribbon-spools mounted inaccessibly beneath said carriage; said frame being liftable to bring said tappet and said spools simultaneously to accessible positions.

21. In a front strike Writing machine, the c'nnbination with a platen and a carriage, ot a combined ribbon, margin-gage and carringe supporting frame, having thereon a track for, said carriage, and also having thereon manipulable ribbon-spools mounted 'inaccessiblybeneath said carriage; means being also provided for leading the ribbon from the spools up to the front side of said platen; said frame being hinged to bring positions.

In a front-strike Writing machine, the combination with key-operated type-bars, a platen and a carriage therefor, of a conibined ribbon, line-lock and carriage-sup- )viorting` trame having thereon a track for said carriage, and also having thereon inaccessible mechanism for adjustably limiting the run of the carriage, sounding an alarm and silencing the type bars, said traine also having thereon manipulable ribbon spools mounted inaccessibly beneath said carriage, and said frame being liitable to bring said inaccessible parts simultaneously to accessible positions.

253. In a front-strike writing machine, the combination with key-operated type-bars, a platen and a carriage therefor, of a combined ribbon, line-lock and carriage supporting frame having thereon a track 'for said carriage, and also having` thereon inaccessible mechanism i'or adjustably limiting the run of the carriage. sounding an alarm and silencing the type bars. .said trame also having thereon manipulable ribbon spools mounted inaccessibly beneath said carriage, and lsaid trame being lit'tablo to bring` said spools to accessible positions; said trame also cariying, thereon a ribbon vibrator which is olicratively connected to the typet'ront of the platen.

2st. ln a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of an inaccessibly part connected tosaid tensioning mounted margin-gage member therefor,manipulable ribbon spools also inaccessibly mounted, and a single part connected to said carriage, said margin-gage member and said spools, to move said margin-gage member and said spools simultaneously to accessible positions While moving the carriage away from normal position.

25. In a typeivriting inachine,'the combination with a carriage and a propelling spring, of a manipulable tensioningdevice for said spring, manipulable ribbon spools, said tensioning device and said spools being inaccessible beneath they carriage, and a single device connected to said tensioning device and said carriage, to bring the tensioning device and spools simultaneously to accessible positions While moving the earriage away from normal position.

26. In' a typewriting machine, the combination a carriage and a propelling with spring therefor, a manipulable tensioning device for said spring, of a margin gage member, manipulable ribbon spools, said margin gage member, said tensioning device and said spools being inaccessibly mounted benath the carriage, and a single device, said margin gage'ineinber and said spools, to mov@ them all simultaneously to accessible positions ivhile moving the carriage away Vfrom normal position.l

Q7. ln a front Strike Writing` machine, the combination with a platen and a carriage` of a combined ribbon and carriage supporting trame, having thereon a track for said carriage, and also having thereon manipulable ribbon spools mounted inaccessibly beneath said carriage; said frame being littable to bring said spools to accessible positions; manipulable collars or linger pieces mounted inaccessibly upon the under side ot the carriage and adjustable therealong, and carlyingpaper-guiding lingers; said collars or linger pieces being brought to accessible positions by the upward tilt-ing oil Said frame.

QS. ln a frontI strike writing machine, the Combination with a platen and a carriage, of a, iframe ha ving thereona track for said cai'- i'iage, and also having thereon manipulable llt ribbon spools mounted inaccessilily beneath said carriage; said traine being hinged to bring said spooh, to accessible positions; Said i'rame also having thereon a carriage-propelling spring and also inaccessible nianipnlable tmision-adjlisting devices therefor; said lriisi aia ljusling devices being brought to accrssible positions by the upward tilting ol said trame.

Qi). ln a front AStrike writingmachine, the comhinatimi with hey-ope ated type-bars, a platen and a carriage therefor, of a coinbined ribbon and carriafi'e supporting frame havingl thereon a track tor said carriage, and

also having thereon inaccessible mechanism 130 for adjnstably limitingr the run of the oarriage, sounding an alarm and silencing the type bars, said mechanism being inclusive of i rack mounted beneath the Carriage, Said frame also having thereon manipulable ribbon spools mounted inaccessibly beneath said carriage, and Saiol frame being tiltable to bringsaid tappet and said spools simultaneously to accessible positions; said frame also having thereon a Carriage-propelling spring' and also inaccessible manipulable tension-adjlisting` devices therefor; said tension-adjusting devices being -brought to aecessibl@ positions by the tilting of said frame.

30. The combination with a ribbon support, oi2 a bnr curved at one end below the Carriage rail and pivotel ai; its curved` end horizon-tally with and in the rear of the rail7 and carrying at its other end an upstanfling ribbon support for Vibrating the ribbonu 3i. The combination in a typewriting 1nachine, of a pivoted frame. with a ribbon vibrator, a pivoted arm on Which said v1- brator is carried, a link connected to said arm behind its pivot, a lever pivote@ on said frame, to the forward end of whichv the said link is connected., and a second link connected to the rear end of said lever and to an actuatingP part.

82. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a ribbon Vibrator, a pivoted arm. 

